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Automeris illustris
It is found in South America, including Paraguay, Brazil and Argentina.I found this specimen in a region of transition between the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest.
This is a Caterpillar of "Moth Eye-of-Ox" ("Automeris illustris"). Look a Cocoon of same specie: [ http://www.projectnoah.org/spottings/210... ] And a Adult Moth: [ http://www.projectnoah.org/spottings/414... ]