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Cervus elaphus
A large animal, an adult red deer stands about 1,2 meters tall at the shoulder. Red deer are easy to identify due to their mostly uniform color: dark reddish-brown in summer, turning to grayish-brown in winter. During both seasons the underbelly is paler. The females have a face and throat that are paler than those of the males, particularly in summer. Adult red deer are hardly ever seen with spots, or if so, there are not many of them. The distinguishing feature for stags is their antlers, which in mature adults are long and branched. The longer branches usually sweep backward and have a number of much shorter ones in front.
Red deer appear to predominantly be a species of open deciduous and mixed woodland although they are highly adaptable animals and can be found in conifer plantations, open grasslands and meadows, river valleys and flood plains, parkland, scrub and on moorland. In the Netherlands, red deer are found in their greatest numbers on open moorland, although this is more a reflection of human management of the species than natural propensity.
Female red deer caught on trail camera at Deelerheide, Veluwe, Holland. (sources:see reference)
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