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This actually appears to be a Sawfly larva, not a caterpillar.
Three species of the genus Cimbex seem to be recognized in East Asia: C. connatus, C. femoratus and C. luteus, all widely distributed in the Palaearctic Region. C. luteus seems the closest to the image here. C. americana is a North American species.
http://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/20013...
Nice! This actually appears to be a Sawfly larva, not a caterpillar.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawfly