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Ceratomia amyntor
3" in length, 1/2" wide; 1 posterior horn with 4 anterior antennae; 8 lateral spots on each side
Floodplain; Delaware River valley
This is a Four-Horned Sphinx caterpillar, also known as an Elm Sphinx. They tend to feed on Elm or Birch. It is not a pest caterpillar, so if you put back on host plant, it should turn into a pretty cool looking moth, about the size of a human hand. http://bugguide.net/node/view/128735