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Hyla chrysoscelis
This is the wrong habitat and range for the bird-voiced in Tennessee. The bird-voiced has a greenish wash on the thighs, the Cope;s has an orange wash.
See the bird-voiced treefrog entry here:
http://apbrwww5.apsu.edu/amatlas/title.h...
Bird-voiced are only found west of Nashville in the state, you say you found this one east of Nashville. Based off of location alone it can't be bird-voiced. Best way to tell them apart is the thigh color, but you can't see that in this photo.
What would be a way to differentiate these? This one, as you noticed was much smaller than the Grays I typically find. He was also making a very shrill chirp, which is why I thought he might be this type. I do live between two ponds, but not in a swampy area. I don't like to pin the exact location of my home for privacy purposes. Unfortunately, I realize that can throw off IDs.
The bird-voiced treefrog is a more of a west Tennessee species although it does creep into middle Tennessee in Cheatham County. It is a swampland species. Yours is just a young Cope's gray.