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Danaus plexippus erippus
A Monarch, not a Viceroy. A Viceroy would look like this
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viceroy_but...
The south american species is Danaus plexipus erippus. There doesn't seem to be a wiki page for this species but there are some images on this link http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http...
Monarchs are migratory! They go south for our winter, so your spotting is around the right time. There is a mimic called the Viceroy (Family Nymphalidae), but I am 99% positive that Karen is correct.
I thought it was, but everything I have read about monarchs do not show they can be found in Brazil.