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Project Noah Nature School
Vespa tropica anthracina. I've seen specimens that have faint orange markings on the abdomen just like this one. If you look at the other subspecies of Vespa tropica found in other places around the world, they have a lovely bright orange band. This is absent in V. tropica found in the Philippines, although occasionally specimens can exhibit some orange like the one photographed here. Its not Vespa luctuosa, as that has a brown/orange face, legs, antennae, etc.
