MilesBerkey

You have the family right. The genus is likely Polytrichum, or Pogonatum, or Timmia. or something similar, or endemic to your area. Beautiful shot!

This isn't actually a moss, meaning, not in Phylum Bryophyta. It is a Lycophyte (Clubmoss). Check out the genus Lycopodium. Good eye, nice photos.

I do see some moss in here, but I believe you meant to photograph the Cladonia lichens. Very cool.

very nice photos

Okay, this looks like a species of Schistidium. This genus prefers very exposed rocky (in this case concrete) substrates, high in pH. Check out the Schistidium genus. Good job with taking numerous photos.

hmmm its really only Anthocerophytes that develop nostoc... But I could be mistaken. I've seen on sidewalks and driveways, bryim and ceratadon and other cushions turn black, its normal. Either dead, or a response to desiccation or light intensity.

A flush is generaly an area with the water table at or slightly above the surface for most of the year. usually they are supplied by a spring, or some source of flowing water. This moss will probably survive.
Bryophytes have evolved to persist through long periods of low relative humidity by mechanical responses to transpiration, which mostly include a dynamic reduction in surface area. You can observe this action by taking any desiccated moss during mid-summer, and pour water on it. It will return to its metabolic functioning state without suffering any damage to the tissues relatively fast. Species of Sphagnum, and Orthotrichum do this exceptionally fast. This is something vascular plants lack.

this looks like a species of Calliergon. Typical to boggy, wetland areas.

what is nice for looking at bryophytes in the field is a hand lens. 10- 20x will help you allot, they aren't too pricey either.

Not a problem I enjoy spreading the knowledge of non-vasculars.