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Kanthari (bird's eye chilli/thai pepper/african peri-peri) is one of the ultra-fieriest members of the chilli family. In India, this pungent and delicious chilli is rarely used in any other region apart from Kerala Even in Kerala, kanthari is not something you'd find on the menu of upmarket restaurants or the vegetable racks of supermarket chains...kanthari is also reputed to be high on the health quotient! It's supposed to be the foody way to a more temperate blood pressure ;-)
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In Assam this chilli is widely used. The Assamese name is Kon Jolokiya, Dhan Jolokiya or Firingi Jolokiya. It is very hot. It is one of the most flavoured chilli available in the state. In Meghalaya also it is widely used, particularly to prepare pickles made from bamboo sooth.
The chilli might have some medicinal properties. In some parts of Assam the people use the chilli to treat Duck Plague like symptoms in domestic ducks and gets good result.
In most areas the size of the chilli is very small (1-1.5cm). It is green in colour and turns red when ripens. But as is described here the chilly never turns white.