House sparrow, male

Description:

In flocks, there is a pecking order similar to that of chickens. Males with larger patches of black tend to be older and dominant over males with less black. By wearing this information on their feathers, sparrows can avoid some fights and thereby save energy. They have many ways of indicating dominance and submission. Nervous birds flick their tails. Aggravated birds crouch with the body horizontal, shove their head forward and partially spread and roll forward their wings, and hold the tail erect. This can intensify to a display with wings lifted, crown and throat feathers standing on end, tail fanned, and beak open.

Habitat:

House Sparrows are seen in most places where there are houses (or other buildings), and few places where there aren’t. They are not seen in forests, woodlands and grasslands. Seen at Lake Geneva

Notes:

He was shaking his head in the last photo!