A worldwide community photographing and learning about wildlife
Project Noah Nature School
Eubaphe unicolor
(Robinson, 1869)
Lepidoptera: Bombycina: Geometroidea: Geometridae: Larentiinae: Eudulini
Envergadura Alar / Wingspan: ~3,17cm.
Hora / Hour: 13:10:32 / 01:10:32pm.
Other name: Orange Beggar.
Outro nome: Coração-Dourado.
Os habitats de Eubaphe unicolor incluem florestas decíduas, margens de rios, bosques e clareiras em florestas tropicais, ocorrendo em elevações entre o nível do mar e cerca de 1500m, podendo também serem vistas em habitats urbanos e suburbanos, precisamente onde esta foi encontrada (urbano), no 16º andar de um prédio.
The habitats of Eubaphe unicolor include deciduous woodlands, riverbanks, glades and clearings in tropical forests, occuring at elevations between sea level and about 1500m, being also found an urban and suburban habitats, precisely where this one was found (urban) on the 16th floor of a flat.
Aparentemente, há duas subespécies de Eubaphe unicolor, mas isto requer confirmação:
Eubaphe unicolor unicolor
Eubaphe unicolor venustata (Fletcher, 1954)
Como quase sempre ocorre com as mariposas, informações são escassas e o estado de distribuição é quase sempre duvidoso. O artigo de Wikipedia que cita esta mariposa exclusivamente para a América do Norte está errado pois há relatos indicando a presença de Eubaphe unicolor no Brasil e em outros países que não fazem parte da América do Norte. O presente artigo é dedicado em satisfazer algumas dúvidas sobre Eubaphe unicolor com a importante menção de que informações são, de fato, escassas.
Eubaphe unicolor é um membro da ordem Lepidoptera, subdivisão Bombycina, superfamília Geometroidea, família Geometridae, subfamília Larentiinae e tribo Eudulini.
Essas são as espécies reconhecidas do gênero Eubaphe:
Eubaphe conformis (Walker, 1854)
Eubaphe helveta (Barnes, 1907)
Eubaphe integra (Walker, 1866)
Eubaphe lineata (Druce, 1885)
Eubaphe medea (Druce, 1885)
Eubaphe mendica (Walker, 1854)
Eubaphe meridiana (Slosson, 1889)
Eubaphe rotundata (Cassino & Swett, 1922)
Eubaphe tripunctata (Druce, 1885)
Eubaphe unicolor (Robinson, 1869)
Eubaphe tritonia (Druce, 1885)
Eubaphe moderata (Herbulot, 2001)
Eubaphe conformis (Walker, 1854)
Eubaphe lobula (Hübner, 1823)
Eubaphe weyenberghii (Snellen, 1878)
Eubaphe deceptata (Fletcher, 1954)
Eubaphe hesperina (Burmeister, 1878)
Eubaphe aeëtes (Schaus, 1889)
Eubaphe antithesis (Dyar, 1914)
Eubaphe bada (Druce, 1890)
Eubaphe biseriata (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855)
Eubaphe cupraria (Walker, 1854)
Eubaphe nanora (Schaus, 1929)
Eubaphe hyalina (Hulst, 1898)
Eubaphe fieldi (Fletcher, 1954)
Eubaphe lobiformis (Druce, 1899)
Eubaphe orfilai (Fletcher, 1954)
Eubaphe pauper (Schaus, 1889)
Eubaphe rotundata (Cotes & Swinhoe, 1922)
Eubaphe rhotana (Druce, 1894)
Eubaphe sombreata (Dognin, 1883)
Eubaphe sulcifera (Warren, 1906)
Eubaphe venustata (Fletcher, 1954)
Eubaphe dulcifera (Forbes, 1917)
Eubaphe eulathes (Dyar, 1920)
Eubaphe daxata (Druce, 1894)
Eubaphe pumilata (Fletcher, 1954)
^ Precisa de confirmação
"A espécie em si foi registrada em listas históricas da BC mas não há documentações conhecidas para o Norte do Sudoeste dos EUA. Esses registros são considerados errôneos." (https://books.google.com.br/books?id=wio...)
O último ínstar larval possui um comprimento de cerca de 2.5cm-2.7cm de acordo com os arquivos de BugGuide. O comprimento da pupa mede aproximadamente 1cm. O comprimento das asas posteriores é de cerca de 9mm-13mm. A mariposa é de coloração uniforme, com asas e corpo laranjas; as venações, por vezes, podem ser visíveis nas fotografias pois as asas são atenuadamente translúcidas. As pernas e as antenas são escurecidas; as antenas são semi-eretas. As plantas hospedeiras das larvas são membros de Viola sp., mas foram documentadas em Hybanthus sp. (Violaceae) e Acer sp. (Sapindaceae), sugerindo que Eubaphe unicolor é polifitófaga. Com a coleta, pode ser notado que a mariposa evitava ovipositar nas folhas, preferindo ovipositar a maioria dos ovos em caules mortos e substratos similares. As larvas novas são mineradoras de folhas, e procedem a comer folhas de maneira mais padronizada à medida que envelhecem. As larvas que estavam prestes a pupar teciam redes de seda solta por onde se suspendiam para iniciar o estágio. A pele do último ínstar permanecia presa à pupa e contribuía com a aparência de "detrito", o que pode vir a ser um auxílio à espécie como um mecanismo de camuflagem. A Eubaphe unicolor onde estas observações foram notadas foi coletada na planta hospedeira Viola missouriensis. De acordo com BugGuide, o processo ovo-pupa necessitou de aproximadamente 60 dias.
Os adultos descansam com as asas formando um coração. A envergadura de suas asas é de aproximadamente 3,17cm. Os adultos são nectarívoros mas desconheço a(s) planta(s) hospedeira(s).
Fontes:
http://www.learnaboutbutterflies.com/And...
https://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/spec...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubaphe
https://bugguide.net/node/view/164025
http://v3.boldsystems.org/index.php/Publ...
ENGLISH VERSION HERE:
Apparently, there are two subspecies of Eubaphe unicolor, but this requires confirmation:
Eubaphe unicolor unicolor
Eubaphe unicolor venustata (Fletcher, 1954)
As almost always when it comes to moths, informations are scarce and distribution status are doubtful. The Wikipedia article citing this moth exclusively to North America is wrong as reports have indicated Eubaphe unicolor can also be found in Brazil and other countries not part of North America. The present article is dedicated to satisfying some doubts about the Eubaphe unicolor with the important mention that informations on them are indeed scarce.
Eubaphe unicolor is a member of the order Lepidoptera, subdivision Bombycina, superfamily Geometroidea, family Geometridae, subfamily Larentiinae and tribe Eudulini.
These are the recognized species of the genus Eubaphe:
Eubaphe conformis (Walker, 1854)
Eubaphe helveta (Barnes, 1907)
Eubaphe integra (Walker, 1866)
Eubaphe lineata (Druce, 1885)
Eubaphe medea (Druce, 1885)
Eubaphe mendica (Walker, 1854)
Eubaphe meridiana (Slosson, 1889)
Eubaphe rotundata (Cassino & Swett, 1922)
Eubaphe tripunctata (Druce, 1885)
Eubaphe unicolor (Robinson, 1869)
Eubaphe tritonia (Druce, 1885)
Eubaphe moderata (Herbulot, 2001)
Eubaphe conformis (Walker, 1854)
Eubaphe lobula (Hübner, 1823)
Eubaphe weyenberghii (Snellen, 1878)
Eubaphe deceptata (Fletcher, 1954)
Eubaphe hesperina (Burmeister, 1878)
Eubaphe aeëtes (Schaus, 1889)
Eubaphe antithesis (Dyar, 1914)
Eubaphe bada (Druce, 1890)
Eubaphe biseriata (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855)
Eubaphe cupraria (Walker, 1854)
Eubaphe nanora (Schaus, 1929)
Eubaphe hyalina (Hulst, 1898)
Eubaphe fieldi (Fletcher, 1954)
Eubaphe lobiformis (Druce, 1899)
Eubaphe orfilai (Fletcher, 1954)
Eubaphe pauper (Schaus, 1889)
Eubaphe rotundata (Cotes & Swinhoe, 1922)
Eubaphe rhotana (Druce, 1894)
Eubaphe sombreata (Dognin, 1883)
Eubaphe sulcifera (Warren, 1906)
Eubaphe venustata (Fletcher, 1954)
Eubaphe dulcifera (Forbes, 1917)
Eubaphe eulathes (Dyar, 1920)
Eubaphe daxata (Druce, 1894)
Eubaphe pumilata (Fletcher, 1954)
^ Needs confirmation
"The species themselves has been reported on historical BC lists but no vouchers are known North of the Southwestern USA. Those reports are deemed erroneous." (https://books.google.com.br/books?id=wio....)
The final instar of the larva has a length of approximately 2.5cm-2.7cm, according to BugGuide data. The pupa's length measured approximately 1cm. The forewing's length is around 9mm-13mm. The moth is uniform in coloring, with orange wings and body and the venations can sometimes be visible through photography due to the slight transulscence of the wings. The legs and the antennae are darkish, the latter semi-erect. The host plants of the larvae are members of Viola sp. but have been reported on Hybanthus sp. (Violaceae) and Acer sp. (Sapindaceae), suggesting the Eubaphe unicolor are polyphytophagous. Through hauling, it could be noted that the moth avoided ovipositing on leaves, instead choosing to place most of the eggs on dead stems and similar substrate. The early larvae were leaf miners, proceeding to eat leaves in a more standard fashion as they aged. The pupating larvae spun loose silk nets from which they suspended themselves to pupate. The last instar's skin remained attached to the pupa and contributed to the debris-like appearance, which might serve the species as a camouflage mechanism. The Eubaphe unicolor in which these observations were noted was reared on the host plant Viola missouriensis. According to BugGuide, the egg to pupa process required approximately 60 days.
Adults rest with the wings forming a heart. Their wingspan is of approximately 3,17cm. Adultos are nectarivorous but I'm unaware what are (is) their host plant(s).
Sources:
http://www.learnaboutbutterflies.com/And...
https://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/spec...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubaphe
https://bugguide.net/node/view/164025
http://v3.boldsystems.org/index.php/Publ...
Spotted on Apr 4, 2018
Submitted on May 4, 2018
No Comments